Recurrent pediatric vesical lymphangioma: The first case report of early relapse after transurethral resection and successful endoscopic management.

Bladder lymphangioma, a rare benign vascular malformation in children, often mimics malignancy on imaging and endoscopy, challenging diagnosis and management. A 10-year-old girl presented with gross hematuria. Ultrasound and Computed tomography revealed a 13 mm left lateral wall polypoid lesion. Cystoscopy showed a friable reddish mass. Histology confirmed dilated lymphatic channels without atypia. Initial complete transurethral resection was followed by 2-month recurrence, successfully treated by deeper re-resection to muscularis propria. Twelve-month follow-up showed no relapse. Pediatric vesical lymphangioma requires complete histopathological assessment and meticulous resection. Structured postoperative surveillance is crucial to detect and manage early recurrence, especially in children.