[The correlation of anemia and contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention].

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the correlation of anemia and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

METHODS

A total of 292 patients with CKD undergoing PCI admitted to Guangdong General Hospital from October 2010 to December 2012 were consecutively enrolled in this study. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <130 g/L in male and <120 g/L in female. All patients were divided into the following two groups by their preoperative hemoglobin: anemic group (n = 101) and non-anemic group (n = 191). The incidence of CIN and other major adverse cardiac events in hospital were evaluated. The correlation between CIN and anemia was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

The incidence rates of CIN were 9.9% (29/292) in all subjects, 17.8% (18/101) in the anemic group and 5.8% (11/191) in the non-anemic group. Compared with the non-anemic group, more patients in the anemic group required renal replacement therapy and intra-aortic balloon pump therapy, mechanical ventilation and manifested as acute heart failure (4.0% vs 0.0%, P = 0.006; 9.9% vs 1.0%, P < 0.001; 3.0% vs 0.0%, P = 0.017; 5.9% vs 1.0%, P = 0.015; respectively). Adjusted for age >75 years, basic renal function and the history of diabetic mellitus in the logistic regression analysis, anemia remained as a significant and independent risk predictor for CIN in patients with CKD (OR = 2.7, 95%CI 1.2-6.3, P = 0.017).

CONCLUSIONS

Pre-procedure anemia is a significant and independent predictor of CIN in patients with CKD undergoing PCI. Caution and treatment for the pre-procedure anemia could be very useful for the prevention of CIN in those patients.