Clinical progress note: Mumps.

Mumps was a common childhood viral illness before the implementation of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination in 1967. There was a significant decrease in mumps cases in the postvaccine era; however, there has been an increase in outbreaks in the United States over the past two decades. Complications of mumps can lead to hospitalization and require a high index of suspicion to diagnose. Early recognition and adequate infection control measures are imperative in outbreak management. Additional studies to inform public health guidelines are needed, including data on the efficacy of a third MMR vaccine in adults.