Beclomethasone dipropionate enema in ulcerative colitis: Is it safe?

Objective

To evaluate the pituitary-adrenal axis (PA axis) reserve in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with steroid enemas, we performed 1mug ACTH test.

Methods

Patients with UC (n=8) given beclomethasone dipropionate enema (Betnesol) for 4 weeks. Fasting serum cortisol and the response at 30 and 60 minutes following an IV 1mug ACTH injection were determined after 2 weeks of Betnesol enemas. Patients were retested, one month after discontinuation of enemas.

Results

Fasting and peak cortisol responses to ACTH were suppressed in six patients. Additional patient had suppressed fasting cortisol and another patient had blunted response to ACTH. One month off Betnesol enema, basal and peak cortisol response to ACTH were normal in all but one patient.

Conclusion

Betnesol enemas are associated with severe suppression of the PA axis in almost all patients. Caution is required in patients with UC after withdrawal of rectal steroids as adrenal insufficiency can occur.