[Anal incontinence].

Contrary to a widespread opinion, anal incontinence is a frequent condition in men and women, and not only a disease of advanced age. This condition is so devastating socially and personally that the afflicted individual is often too embarrassed to bring it to the attention of his physician. An accurate history, a physical examination and additional anorectal physiology testing (anorectal manometry and anal endosonography) document the aetiology. The first line of treatment is medical including bowel management and neuromuscular reeducation. In case of failure, according to the cause, and with due regard to the impact on the quality of life, surgery can be performed. It is essential to know the preventive measures which are the only means for decreasing the incidence of anal incontinence.