Evaluation of DNA integrity and chromatin condensation in cat sperm collected by urethral catheterization and epididymis slicing.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the original sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) assay and the toluidine blue (TB) stain to assess DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation, respectively, in cat sperm obtained by urethral catheterization (CT) and epididymis slicing (EP). CT and EP samples were collected from the same cat, and sperm motility, concentration, morphology, DNA integrity and chromatin condensation were evaluated. As controls, aliquots of the samples were incubated with 0.3 M NaOH and with 1% of dithiothreitol (DTT) to promote DNA fragmentation and chromatin decondensation, respectively. With SCD, four DNA dispersion halo patterns were observed: large, medium, small and no halo. TB staining patterns were as follows: light blue (condensed chromatin), light violet (moderate chromatin decondensation) and dark blue-violet (high chromatin decondensation). Sperm incubations with NaOH and with DTT were effective in inducing DNA fragmentation and chromatin decondensation, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the percentages of the SCD and TB patterns between samples (CT and EP) and no correlation was observed between sperm head abnormalities and the different SCD and TB patterns. The original SCD technique and the TB stain were adapted to evaluate DNA integrity and chromatin condensation in cat sperm obtained by CT and EP.