Glucose-unlocked near-infrared plasmonic nanoheterojunction for enzymatic-thermal coupling therapy of infected wounds.

Engineering interfacial charge-transfer pathways in plasmonic nanoheterojunction offers an effective strategy to improve the catalytic utilization of plasmon-induced hot carriers, yet their ultrafast relaxation remains a major obstacle for biofunctional nanozyme applications. Herein, Ti3C2Tx MXene was integrated with zinc ion doped Prussian blue (ZnFe), glucose oxidase (GOx), and hyaluronic acid (HA) to construct a plasmonic nanoheterojunction denoted MZF-G. The intimate Ti3C2Tx/ZnFe heterointerface generates a contact-potential-difference-driven built-in electric field, enabling directional hot-carrier migration across the interface and suppressing charge recombination. Upon 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, MZF-G efficiently harvests photons and promotes hot-electron transfer from Ti3C2Tx to ZnFe, thereby enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and photothermal conversion. Meanwhile, GOx catalyzes local glucose oxidation to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and gluconic acid in situ, which respectively provide catalytic substrate for Fenton-like reactions and modulate the weakly acidic microenvironment. This interfacial plasmonic stimulation and glucose-unlocked cascade catalysis markedly amplify the peroxidase-like activity of MZF-G, overcoming the limited antibacterial efficacy of single-mode photothermal therapy. In vitro studies demonstrated potent antibacterial and biofilm-disrupting activity under NIR irradiation. In vivo experiments further confirmed that MZF-G effectively eradicated biofilm infection, attenuated inflammation, regulated redox homeostasis, promoted collagen deposition and angiogenesis, and accelerated wound repair. This work highlights an interface-engineering strategy for constructing plasmonically activated nanozymes and provides a promising nanomedicine platform for anti-biofilm wound therapy.