Influence of smoking on cardiometabolic profile and surgical outcomes in patients with primary aldosteronism: a cohort study.
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Araujo-Castro Marta, Paja Fano Miguel, González-Boillos Marga, Pascual-Corrales Eider, Parra Ramírez Paola, Martín Rojas-Marcos Patricia, García-Cano Ana, Ruiz-Sanchez Jorge Gabriel, Vicente Almudena, Gómez-Hoyos Emilia, Casterás Ana, Puig-Perez Albert, García Sanz Iñigo, Recasens Mònica, Barahona San Millan Rebeca, Picón César María José, Díaz Guardiola Patricia, Perdomo Carolina, Manjón-Miguélez Laura, Rebollo Román Ángel, Robles Lázaro Cristina, María Recio José, Morales-Ruiz Manuel, Calatayud María, Jiménez López Noemi, Meneses Diego, Sampedro Nuñez Miguel, Ribas Elena Mena, Sanmartín Sánchez Alicia, Gonzalvo Diaz Cesar, Lamas Cristina, Del Castillo Tous María, Serrano Joaquín, Michalopoulou Theodora, Tenes Rodrigo Susana, Roa Chamorro Ricardo, Jaén Aguila Fernando, Moya Mateo Eva María, Gutiérrez-Medina Sonsoles, Hanzu Felicia Alexandra
Аннотация
METHODS: Multicentre retrospective study of patients with PA evaluated in 36 Spanish tertiary hospitals with available information on smoking habits [smokers and non-smokers (never smokers and ex-smokers)].
RESULTS: A total of 881 patients were included, of whom 180 (20.4%) were classified as smokers and 701 as non-smokers. At diagnosis, smokers and non-smokers did not differ in blood pressure or serum potassium levels between. However, smokers had a higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) than non-smokers [odds ratio (OR) 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23-3.25], and smokers were more likely to have severe LVH than non-smokers (12.5% vs 6.6%, P = .164). A larger mean tumour size of the adrenal nodule/s was observed in the smoking group (18.6 ± 9.66 vs 15.8 ± 8.66 mm, P = .002). In addition, the odds of mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) was greater in smokers than in non-smokers (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.14-4.06), but these differences disappeared when adjusted for the size of the adrenal nodule/s (adjusted OR 1.6, 95% CI 0.76-3.37). The rate of biochemical and hypertension cure was similar in both groups; however, hypertension cure tended to be more frequent in the non-smoker group (41.2% vs 29.9%, P = .076).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PA who smoke have a higher prevalence of LVH and MACS and larger adrenal nodule/s than non-smokers. Smoking has no significant effect on the probability of hypertension response after adrenalectomy in patients with PA; however, a tendency to a lower probability of hypertension cure is observed in smokers compared to non-smokers.