Frontiers in neurology · 2025
Clinical characteristics of myasthenia gravis patients with coexistence of AChR and titin antibodies.
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Wang Siqi, Shi Difang, Wu Shanshan, Zhang Qijie, Xiao Weiwei, Qian Fang, Zheng Yan, Bao Jianjian, Liu Jia, Chu Xujun, Du Kang
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) who are double-seropositive for acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChR-Ab+) and titin antibodies (Titin-Ab+).
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on MG patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology between March 2020 and June 2024. Patients were categorized into two groups based on antibody profiles: those with AChR antibody positivity alone and those with dual positivity for AChR and titin antibodies. Clinical features, MG classification, and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS: A total of 35 MG patients were included, comprising 18 with single AChR-Ab+ and 17 with AChR-Ab+/Titin-Ab+. The dual antibody-positive group showed a significantly higher proportion of patients with MGFA classification above Class II (47.1%) and a higher rate of thyroid dysfunction (50%) compared to the single antibody-positive group (p = 0.001). The median age of onset in the dual antibody-positive group was older than that in the single antibody-positive group (67.0 years vs. 58.5 years), although this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of gender, initial symptoms, clinical manifestations, thymic hyperplasia, proportion of thymoma, treatment regimens, or therapeutic outcomes (all p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: This study provides the first systematic characterization of the clinical profile of AChR-Ab+/Titin-Ab+ myasthenia gravis patients in Southwest China. Our findings indicate that dual antibody-positive MG patients are more prone to generalized disease involvement and have a higher susceptibility to thyroid dysfunction.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on MG patients hospitalized in the Department of Neurology between March 2020 and June 2024. Patients were categorized into two groups based on antibody profiles: those with AChR antibody positivity alone and those with dual positivity for AChR and titin antibodies. Clinical features, MG classification, and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS: A total of 35 MG patients were included, comprising 18 with single AChR-Ab+ and 17 with AChR-Ab+/Titin-Ab+. The dual antibody-positive group showed a significantly higher proportion of patients with MGFA classification above Class II (47.1%) and a higher rate of thyroid dysfunction (50%) compared to the single antibody-positive group (p = 0.001). The median age of onset in the dual antibody-positive group was older than that in the single antibody-positive group (67.0 years vs. 58.5 years), although this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of gender, initial symptoms, clinical manifestations, thymic hyperplasia, proportion of thymoma, treatment regimens, or therapeutic outcomes (all p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: This study provides the first systematic characterization of the clinical profile of AChR-Ab+/Titin-Ab+ myasthenia gravis patients in Southwest China. Our findings indicate that dual antibody-positive MG patients are more prone to generalized disease involvement and have a higher susceptibility to thyroid dysfunction.