Successful Bilateral-Lung Transplantation With Long Survival Time for Multicentric Castleman Disease With Fatal Pulmonary Involvement.

We present a rare case of multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) complicated by severe respiratory failure, which was successfully managed through bilateral lung transplantation. A 31-year-old male patient exhibited progressive dyspnea attributed to MCD associated with bronchiolitis obliterans. Pretransplant evaluations indicated severe hypercapnia and markedly impaired pulmonary function. Despite the administration of steroid therapy, the patient's respiratory status continued to decline. Consequently, he underwent bilateral lung transplantation, which resulted in significant alleviation of hypercapnia and considerable improvement in pulmonary function. Four years posttransplant, the patient remains alive and does not require supplemental oxygen. This case highlights the potential efficacy of bilateral lung transplantation in addressing severe respiratory complications associated with MCD.