Microbial pathogenesis · 2025
Evolution and epidemiology of pks+Klebsiella pneumoniae: Global and local insights.
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Zhao Yunan, Zhao Yizheng, Shen Qi, Hu Xiaolei, Zhou Simeng, Huang Jiansheng
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and genomic evolutionary mechanisms of pks-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae (pks + KPN), providing theoretical insights for infection prevention and control strategies.
METHODS: A total of 873 non-duplicate K. pneumoniae isolates collected between 2016 and 2022 at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were screened for pks + strains via PCR targeting clbA, clbB, clbN, and clbQ. Clonal structures of pks+ and pks- strains were determined by MLST and KL typing, and virulence gene profiles (peg344, iucA, rmpA, rmpA2, iroB) were analyzed to compare the two populations. Global distribution patterns of pks + KPN were analyzed using data from the Bacterial and Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center (BV-BRC). Pan-genomic analysis via the IPGA platform and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Core-genome comparative analysis identified lineage-specific genes in dominant pks+ strains, and KEGG enrichment revealed their putative biological functions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Among 873 clinical isolates, 105 (12.03 %) were pks + KPN, predominantly isolated from infectious disease and surgical departments. The pks island prevalence was significantly higher in non-carbapenem-resistant strains (25.45 %) than in carbapenem-resistant strains (1.04 %) (χ2 = 125.57, p < 0.001). pks + strains exhibited higher virulence gene carriage rates (p < 0.05) and infected younger patients (57.97 ± 14.90 vs. 64.18 ± 17.29 years, t = 3.46, p = 0.001). pks + isolates showed a conserved clonal structure dominated by ST23-KL1 (66.7 %), while pks- strains displayed greater heterogeneity with 37 distinct ST-KL types. Analysis of 706 global pks + KPN revealed that ST23 (45.18 %), ST11 (15.72 %), and ST258 (15.16 %) are the predominant clonal lineages. Phylogenetic construction delineated five evolutionarily distinct clades among pks+ strains. Comparative core genome analysis identified 245 lineage-associated genes, of which 96 were shared among dominant strains. Functional enrichment (KEGG) demonstrated that these conserved genes are significantly enriched in the galactose metabolism.
CONCLUSION: This study systematically elucidates the clinical epidemiology, clonal dissemination patterns, and genomic evolution of pks + KPN, identifying ST23-KL1 as the dominant clone. The findings reveal that galactose metabolism may enhance the adaptability of dominant strains, thereby driving their global spread.
METHODS: A total of 873 non-duplicate K. pneumoniae isolates collected between 2016 and 2022 at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were screened for pks + strains via PCR targeting clbA, clbB, clbN, and clbQ. Clonal structures of pks+ and pks- strains were determined by MLST and KL typing, and virulence gene profiles (peg344, iucA, rmpA, rmpA2, iroB) were analyzed to compare the two populations. Global distribution patterns of pks + KPN were analyzed using data from the Bacterial and Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center (BV-BRC). Pan-genomic analysis via the IPGA platform and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Core-genome comparative analysis identified lineage-specific genes in dominant pks+ strains, and KEGG enrichment revealed their putative biological functions. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Among 873 clinical isolates, 105 (12.03 %) were pks + KPN, predominantly isolated from infectious disease and surgical departments. The pks island prevalence was significantly higher in non-carbapenem-resistant strains (25.45 %) than in carbapenem-resistant strains (1.04 %) (χ2 = 125.57, p < 0.001). pks + strains exhibited higher virulence gene carriage rates (p < 0.05) and infected younger patients (57.97 ± 14.90 vs. 64.18 ± 17.29 years, t = 3.46, p = 0.001). pks + isolates showed a conserved clonal structure dominated by ST23-KL1 (66.7 %), while pks- strains displayed greater heterogeneity with 37 distinct ST-KL types. Analysis of 706 global pks + KPN revealed that ST23 (45.18 %), ST11 (15.72 %), and ST258 (15.16 %) are the predominant clonal lineages. Phylogenetic construction delineated five evolutionarily distinct clades among pks+ strains. Comparative core genome analysis identified 245 lineage-associated genes, of which 96 were shared among dominant strains. Functional enrichment (KEGG) demonstrated that these conserved genes are significantly enriched in the galactose metabolism.
CONCLUSION: This study systematically elucidates the clinical epidemiology, clonal dissemination patterns, and genomic evolution of pks + KPN, identifying ST23-KL1 as the dominant clone. The findings reveal that galactose metabolism may enhance the adaptability of dominant strains, thereby driving their global spread.