HT-RCM: Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Ultrasound Image Classification Model Based on Res-FCT and Res-CAM.

The early lesions of Hashimoto's thyroiditis are inconspicuous, and the ultrasonic features of these early lesions are indistinguishable from other thyroid diseases. This paper proposes a Hashimoto Thyroiditis ultrasound image classification model HT-RCM which consists of a Residual Full Convolution Transformer (Res-FCT) model and a Residual Channel Attention Module (Res-CAM). To collect the low-order information caused by hypoechoic signals accurately, the residual connection is injected between FCTs to form Res-FCT which helps HT-RCM superimpose the low-order input information and high-order output information together. Res-FCT can make HT-RCM focus more on hypoechoic information while avoiding gradient dispersion. The initial feature map is inserted into Res-FCT again through a down-sampling component, which further helps HT-RCM exact multi-level original semantic information in the ultrasound image. Res-CAM is constructed by implementing a residual connection between a channel attention module and a convolution layer. Res-CAM can effectively increase the weights of the lesion channels while suppressing the weights of the noise channels, which makes HT-RCM focus more on the lesion regions. The experimental results on our collected dataset show that HT-RCM outperforms the mainstream models and obtains state-of-the-art performance in HT ultrasound image classification.