Journal of veterinary science · 2026
Longitudinal analysis of serotypes, virulence factors, and MLST profiles of Pasteurella multocida from porcine pneumonia in South Korea (2016-2023).
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Moon Sung-Hyun, Bae Da-Yun, Kim Taeyeon, Kim Won-Il, Oh Yeonsu, Cho Ho-Seong
Аннотация
IMPORTANCE: Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative bacterium commonly present in the oropharyngeal microbiota of many animals. In pigs, it contributes to progressive atrophic rhinitis and the porcine respiratory disease complex, both associated with major economic losses.
OBJECTIVE: This study performed a longitudinal molecular characterization of P. multocida isolates from pigs with respiratory lesions in South Korea (2016-2023), including subspecies identification, capsular serogrouping, virulence gene profiling, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
METHODS: A total of 1,358 pneumonic lung samples were collected from 960 pig farms between 2016 and 2023, yielding 169 P. multocida isolates. Subspecies were assigned by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Capsular serogroups were determined using multiplex Virulence genes (pfhA, hgbB, tbpA, and toxA) were detected by PCR assays. MLST was conducted using the RIRDC scheme, and phylogenetic analysis of concatenated loci assessed clonal relationships.
RESULTS: Serogroup A predominated (109/169, 64.5%), followed by D (47/169, 27.8%) and B (3/169, 1.8%). Serogroups F and A/D were each detected once (0.6%), and 8 isolates were untypable (4.7%). Co-detection of hgbB and pfhA occurred in multiple isolates. Notably, two serogroup B isolates carried both genes, representing the first such finding in Korea and suggesting enhanced virulence potential. MLST identified 5 clonal complexes and 15 sequence types, including ST9 linked to serogroup B.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The emergence of serogroup B/ST9 isolates co-harboring hgbB and pfhA highlights evolving virulence patterns in Korean swine and supports continued molecular and genomic surveillance to guide control strategies and reduce health risks.
OBJECTIVE: This study performed a longitudinal molecular characterization of P. multocida isolates from pigs with respiratory lesions in South Korea (2016-2023), including subspecies identification, capsular serogrouping, virulence gene profiling, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
METHODS: A total of 1,358 pneumonic lung samples were collected from 960 pig farms between 2016 and 2023, yielding 169 P. multocida isolates. Subspecies were assigned by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Capsular serogroups were determined using multiplex Virulence genes (pfhA, hgbB, tbpA, and toxA) were detected by PCR assays. MLST was conducted using the RIRDC scheme, and phylogenetic analysis of concatenated loci assessed clonal relationships.
RESULTS: Serogroup A predominated (109/169, 64.5%), followed by D (47/169, 27.8%) and B (3/169, 1.8%). Serogroups F and A/D were each detected once (0.6%), and 8 isolates were untypable (4.7%). Co-detection of hgbB and pfhA occurred in multiple isolates. Notably, two serogroup B isolates carried both genes, representing the first such finding in Korea and suggesting enhanced virulence potential. MLST identified 5 clonal complexes and 15 sequence types, including ST9 linked to serogroup B.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The emergence of serogroup B/ST9 isolates co-harboring hgbB and pfhA highlights evolving virulence patterns in Korean swine and supports continued molecular and genomic surveillance to guide control strategies and reduce health risks.