Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Periodontal Inflammation and Pocket Depth Reduction.

BACKGROUND

Chronic inflammation of the tooth's supporting tissues is known as periodontal disease. It causes pockets to develop, attachments to break, and eventually the loss of teeth. Because of their well-known anti-inflammatory qualities, omega-3 fatty acids have been recommended as an additional therapy for periodontal inflammation.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

A randomized controlled study of 60 individuals suffering from persistent periodontitis was carried out. Two groups of participants were randomly assigned: The test group (n = 30) got conventional periodontal treatment with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation (1000 mg/day), while the control group (n = 30) received normal periodontal therapy alone. Measurements of periodontal parameters were made at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after therapy, including bleeding on probing (BOP) and pocket depth. Paired t-tests and analysis of variance were used in the statistical analysis to determine the significance of the group differences.

RESULTS

Participants in the test group showed a greater reduction in probing pocket depth (PPD) and BOP at both 3 and 6 months. Specifically, the mean PPD decreased from 5.4 ± 0.7 mm to 3.0 ± 0.4 mm, and BOP reduced from 71.2 ± 14.5% to 28.3 ± 9.2% in the test group, with both outcomes showing statistically significant differences compared to the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

In individuals with chronic periodontitis, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation dramatically improves the decrease of periodontal pocket depth and inflammation when administered as an adjuvant to regular periodontal treatment.