American journal of infection control · 2006
Decrease in the incidence of mupirocin resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in carriers from an intensive care unit.
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Caierão Juliana, Berquó Laura, Dias Cícero, d'Azevedo Pedro Alves
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious nosocomial problem, globally distributed. Decolonization with mupirocin can be used to control its dissemination.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of mupirocin resistance among MRSA carriers from an intensive care unit.
METHODS: We obtained 2723 nasal swabs during 3 years. Resistance to methicillin and mupirocin were verified (agar diffusion and the E test) and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (mecA for methicillin; ileS-2 and mupA for mupirocin). Plasmid-curing procedure and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were employed in isolates exhibiting high resistance to mupirocin (HR-Mup) and in other selected organisms.
RESULTS: The overall incidence of HR-Mup among MRSA carriers during the studied period was 4.84% (8/165); however, the incidence decreased from 13.04% (6/46) in the first year to 3.5% (2/57) in the second year and was 0% in the last year (P = .02). LR-Mup, in contrast, increased significantly (P = .01).
CONCLUSION: Plasmid-curing procedure showed the plasmid location of genes responsible for HR-Mup. PFGE demonstrated that most MRSA, including the isolates with HR-Mup, were genetically related. The decline in HR-Mup may be attributable to the plasmid location of genes (ileS-2/mupA) and to the fact that all patients colonized with HR-Mup MRSA died or were discharged in a relatively short period of time.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of mupirocin resistance among MRSA carriers from an intensive care unit.
METHODS: We obtained 2723 nasal swabs during 3 years. Resistance to methicillin and mupirocin were verified (agar diffusion and the E test) and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (mecA for methicillin; ileS-2 and mupA for mupirocin). Plasmid-curing procedure and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were employed in isolates exhibiting high resistance to mupirocin (HR-Mup) and in other selected organisms.
RESULTS: The overall incidence of HR-Mup among MRSA carriers during the studied period was 4.84% (8/165); however, the incidence decreased from 13.04% (6/46) in the first year to 3.5% (2/57) in the second year and was 0% in the last year (P = .02). LR-Mup, in contrast, increased significantly (P = .01).
CONCLUSION: Plasmid-curing procedure showed the plasmid location of genes responsible for HR-Mup. PFGE demonstrated that most MRSA, including the isolates with HR-Mup, were genetically related. The decline in HR-Mup may be attributable to the plasmid location of genes (ileS-2/mupA) and to the fact that all patients colonized with HR-Mup MRSA died or were discharged in a relatively short period of time.
Предметные рубрики MeSH
Bacterial ProteinsCarrier StateCross InfectionDNA, BacterialDrug Resistance, BacterialGenes, BacterialHumansIncidenceIntensive Care UnitsMethicillin ResistanceMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMolecular EpidemiologyMupirocinNoseNuclear ProteinsPenicillin-Binding ProteinsPlasmidsPolymerase Chain ReactionStaphylococcal InfectionsStaphylococcus aureus