Health science reports · 2026
Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Profile, and Multidrug Resistance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDR-MRSA) in Clinical Isolates From Indonesian Healthcare Facility: A Cross-Sectional Study.
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Prastiyanto Muhammad Evy, Khairunnisa Afifah, Sah Shiv Kumar
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a significant pathogen associated with hospital-acquired infections, with its global prevalence, including in Indonesia, steadily increasing. However, comprehensive data on MRSA prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility within Indonesian hospital settings remain limited. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of MRSA and its antimicrobial susceptibility profile among clinical samples isolated from Indonesian patients.
METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytic study was conducted over a 3-year period (January 2022-December 2024). The study population consisted of clinical specimens obtained from both inpatients and outpatients recorded at the Microbiology Laboratory. MRSA isolates were identified using standard microbiological techniques, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The multidrug resistance (MDR) profile was determined based on resistance to at least three different antibiotic classes.
RESULTS: Among the clinical samples analyzed (279 S. aureus), MRSA was detected in 258 (92.47%). The highest prevalence was observed in pus samples (77.8%). MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates exhibited high susceptibility to Quinupristin/Dalfopristin (98.1% and 100%), Linezolid (96.9% and 95.2%), Vancomycin (93% and 100%), Tigecycline (98.4% and 100%), Nitrofurantoin (98.4% and 100%), and Rifampicin (96.1% and 100%). MDR-MRSA strains accounted for 55% of all MRSA isolates, a notably higher proportion compared to the 19% observed in MSSA.
CONCLUSION: The study highlights a notable prevalence of MRSA and MDR-MRSA among clinical isolates in Semarang, coupled with a concerning level of multidrug resistance. Although certain antibiotics remain effective against MRSA, the findings emphasize the necessity for continuous surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship programs. Strengthened infection control measures and optimized antibiotic management strategies are crucial to mitigating MRSA spread and preserving effective treatment options within Indonesian healthcare settings.
METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytic study was conducted over a 3-year period (January 2022-December 2024). The study population consisted of clinical specimens obtained from both inpatients and outpatients recorded at the Microbiology Laboratory. MRSA isolates were identified using standard microbiological techniques, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The multidrug resistance (MDR) profile was determined based on resistance to at least three different antibiotic classes.
RESULTS: Among the clinical samples analyzed (279 S. aureus), MRSA was detected in 258 (92.47%). The highest prevalence was observed in pus samples (77.8%). MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates exhibited high susceptibility to Quinupristin/Dalfopristin (98.1% and 100%), Linezolid (96.9% and 95.2%), Vancomycin (93% and 100%), Tigecycline (98.4% and 100%), Nitrofurantoin (98.4% and 100%), and Rifampicin (96.1% and 100%). MDR-MRSA strains accounted for 55% of all MRSA isolates, a notably higher proportion compared to the 19% observed in MSSA.
CONCLUSION: The study highlights a notable prevalence of MRSA and MDR-MRSA among clinical isolates in Semarang, coupled with a concerning level of multidrug resistance. Although certain antibiotics remain effective against MRSA, the findings emphasize the necessity for continuous surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship programs. Strengthened infection control measures and optimized antibiotic management strategies are crucial to mitigating MRSA spread and preserving effective treatment options within Indonesian healthcare settings.