Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis Caused by Staphylococcus caprae: A Case Report.

Herein, we report a case of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis caused by Staphylococcus caprae (S. caprae). An 88-year-old man who had been receiving PD presented with cloudy effluent and an elevated dialysate white blood cell (WBC) count of 800/μL. He was diagnosed with PD-related peritonitis and treated with intraperitoneal cefazolin and ceftazidime, which promptly cleared the effluent by day 3 and reduced the WBC count in the dialysate to 0/μL by day 5. Culturing of the effluent identified S. caprae (methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus), so the antibiotic regimen was switched to intraperitoneal vancomycin. The infection resolved without recurrence, and the patient was discharged on day 17 of his hospitalization without requiring catheter removal. Although S. caprae has been implicated in infections of various organs, reports of PD-related peritonitis caused by this bacterium are rare in the literature. This case suggests that S. caprae-related PD peritonitis responds well to antibiotic therapy with intraperitoneal vancomycin and that patients with this infection have a generally favorable prognosis.