Clinical Efficacy of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser for Deepithelialization of Free Gingival Grafts in Gingival Recession Treatment: A Randomized, Split-Mouth Clinical Trial.

Bcakground: The deepithelialized free gingival graft (DGG) technique provides high-quality connective tissue grafts (CTGs) with predictable outcomes for recession coverage. This study evaluates a novel method of free gingival graft (FGG) deepithelialization using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (LDEE) for treating multiple gingival recessions. Methods: A split-mouth study was conducted on 46 (n = 46) recessions in nine patients (23 per test and control group). Sites were randomized. Full-thickness palatal grafts were harvested with a scalpel. In the test group (LDEE), deepithelialization was performed extraorally using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2780 nm; 2.5 W, 83.3 mJ, 30 Hz, 600 µm tip). In the control group (DEE), a 15c scalpel was used. All CTGs were applied using the modified coronally advanced tunnel (TUN) technique. Clinical parameters-recession depth (RD), keratinized tissue width (KT), gingival thickness (GT), pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), pink esthetic score (PES), approximal plaque index (API), mean root coverage (MRC), and complete root coverage (CRC)-were assessed at baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 6 months (T2). Results: Both LDEE and DEE groups showed significant improvements in RD, KT, GT, PD, and CAL over time (p < 0.001). At T1 and T2, KT was significantly higher in the LDEE group (T1: 3.73 ± 0.72 mm; T2: 3.98 ± 0.76 mm) compared to the DEE group (T1: 3.21 ± 0.61 mm; T2: 3.44 ± 0.74 mm; p < 0.05). Other parameters (RD, GT, PD, CAL) showed no statistically significant intergroup differences at any time point (p > 0.05). After 6 months, MRC was 95% and CRC 82.6% for LDEE, compared to 94.8% and 82.6% for DEE (p > 0.05). PES scores were similar between groups at all time points (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Both laser- and scalpel-deepithelialized grafts effectively treated gingival recessions. LDEE combined with TUN resulted in significantly greater KT width compared to DEE + TUN.