Journal of clinical periodontology · 2025
Characteristics of Subgingival Plaque Microbiome in Japanese Older Adults With Healthy Gingiva.
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Akatsu Tomoki, Souno Hatsumi, Fujii Akihiko, Minegishi Yoshihiko, Ota Noriyasu, Yamashita Yoshihisa
Аннотация
AIM: To elucidate the characteristics of the subgingival plaque microbiome in older adults without gingival inflammation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subgingival plaque from 180 participants was collected and analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Based on the clinical parameters at the sampling sites, participants were categorised as healthy (gingival index [GI] = 0, maximum probing pocket depth [PPDmax] ≤ 2.0 and gingival recession [GR] = 0) or non-healthy (GI > 0, or PPDmax > 2.0 or GR > 0). Each group was further stratified by age into younger (< 65 years) and older (≥ 65 years) subgroups. We performed diversity and linear discriminant effect size (LEfSe) analyses to elucidate microbiome characteristics of healthy older adults.
RESULTS: We observed differences in α-diversity and β-diversity between younger and older individuals only in the healthy group. Healthy older individuals showed a lower α-diversity index, indicating a healthy-like profile shift and also a significantly greater difference in β-diversity from the non-healthy group than the healthy younger subgroup. LEfSe analysis indicated that six amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), such as Rothia dentocariosa , Neisseria perflava and Actinomyces sp. HMT-448, were predominant in the healthy older subgroup.
CONCLUSION: Maintaining lower α-diversity, with an abundance of R. dentocariosa and N. perflava, which are possible nitrate-reducing bacteria, may contribute to lifelong healthy gingiva by preventing microbial dysbiosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subgingival plaque from 180 participants was collected and analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Based on the clinical parameters at the sampling sites, participants were categorised as healthy (gingival index [GI] = 0, maximum probing pocket depth [PPDmax] ≤ 2.0 and gingival recession [GR] = 0) or non-healthy (GI > 0, or PPDmax > 2.0 or GR > 0). Each group was further stratified by age into younger (< 65 years) and older (≥ 65 years) subgroups. We performed diversity and linear discriminant effect size (LEfSe) analyses to elucidate microbiome characteristics of healthy older adults.
RESULTS: We observed differences in α-diversity and β-diversity between younger and older individuals only in the healthy group. Healthy older individuals showed a lower α-diversity index, indicating a healthy-like profile shift and also a significantly greater difference in β-diversity from the non-healthy group than the healthy younger subgroup. LEfSe analysis indicated that six amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), such as Rothia dentocariosa , Neisseria perflava and Actinomyces sp. HMT-448, were predominant in the healthy older subgroup.
CONCLUSION: Maintaining lower α-diversity, with an abundance of R. dentocariosa and N. perflava, which are possible nitrate-reducing bacteria, may contribute to lifelong healthy gingiva by preventing microbial dysbiosis.