The Journal of nutrition · 2026
Ammoniated Beef Improves Metabolic Outcomes and Adipose Tissue Function in Diet-Induced Obese Male and Female Mice.
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Madura Benjamin M, Menikdiwela Kalhara R, Kalupahana Nishan S, Yosofvand Mohammad, Moussa Hanna, Moustaid-Moussa Naima
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Long-term consumption of fatty meats is associated with metabolic diseases, partly because of the induction of low-grade metabolic acidosis.
OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to test the metabolic effects of pH-enhanced (ammoniated) beef in diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. We hypothesized that adipose tissue function would be improved by consuming a diet containing pH-enhanced ammoniated beef, compared with non-pH-enhanced beef, and these effects would be modulated by dietary fat content and sex.
METHODS: Eighty C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 20 per group; 10 males and 10 females) and fed diets differing in pH enhancement (ammoniation using ammonium hydroxide) and fat content for 12 wk [low-fat beef (LFB), ammoniated LFB, high-fat beef (HFB), and ammoniated HFB]. Body weights were measured weekly. Visceral (gonadal) white adipose tissue was collected for histology, RNA (qRT-PCR), and protein (Western blotting) analyses. A three-way analysis of variance was performed to identify main effects of fat content, ammoniation, sex, and their interactions.
RESULTS: Interactions between sex and dietary fat content modulated results for weight gain [F (1, 64) = 9.601, P = 0.0029], fat pad mass [F (1, 63) = 36.48, P < 0.0001], and adipocyte area [F (1, 39) = 24.47, P < 0.0001]. Interactions between sex and ammoniation significantly affected fat pad mass [F (1, 63) = 4.341, P = 0.0413] and adipocyte area [F (1, 39) = 4.171, P = 0.0479]. Importantly, ammoniation significantly improved glucose tolerance [F (1, 59) = 16.74, P = 0.0001], irrespective of sex and dietary fat. Interactions between sex and dietary fat content modulated other results throughout the study.
CONCLUSIONS: Diets containing ammoniated beef reduced gonadal fat pad mass and adipocyte size, and improved glucose tolerance in mice with diet-induced obesity, whereas interactions between dietary fat content and sex modulated results throughout.
OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to test the metabolic effects of pH-enhanced (ammoniated) beef in diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. We hypothesized that adipose tissue function would be improved by consuming a diet containing pH-enhanced ammoniated beef, compared with non-pH-enhanced beef, and these effects would be modulated by dietary fat content and sex.
METHODS: Eighty C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 20 per group; 10 males and 10 females) and fed diets differing in pH enhancement (ammoniation using ammonium hydroxide) and fat content for 12 wk [low-fat beef (LFB), ammoniated LFB, high-fat beef (HFB), and ammoniated HFB]. Body weights were measured weekly. Visceral (gonadal) white adipose tissue was collected for histology, RNA (qRT-PCR), and protein (Western blotting) analyses. A three-way analysis of variance was performed to identify main effects of fat content, ammoniation, sex, and their interactions.
RESULTS: Interactions between sex and dietary fat content modulated results for weight gain [F (1, 64) = 9.601, P = 0.0029], fat pad mass [F (1, 63) = 36.48, P < 0.0001], and adipocyte area [F (1, 39) = 24.47, P < 0.0001]. Interactions between sex and ammoniation significantly affected fat pad mass [F (1, 63) = 4.341, P = 0.0413] and adipocyte area [F (1, 39) = 4.171, P = 0.0479]. Importantly, ammoniation significantly improved glucose tolerance [F (1, 59) = 16.74, P = 0.0001], irrespective of sex and dietary fat. Interactions between sex and dietary fat content modulated other results throughout the study.
CONCLUSIONS: Diets containing ammoniated beef reduced gonadal fat pad mass and adipocyte size, and improved glucose tolerance in mice with diet-induced obesity, whereas interactions between dietary fat content and sex modulated results throughout.