Oral oncology · 2025
Prognostic significance of cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages in the tongue squamous cell carcinoma and their correlation with tumor budding.
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Oikawa Yuki, Umakoshi Michinobu, Suzuki Kenichiro, Kudo-Asabe Yukitsugu, Miyabe Ken, Koyama Kei, Yoshida Makoto, Tanaka Masamitsu, Nanjo Hiroshi, Fukuda Masayuki, Yamada Takechiyo, Goto Akiteru
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the oral cavity and is characterized by a high propensity for invasion and a poor prognosis. Recent studies have highlighted the critical roles of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in tumor progression, particularly within the tumor microenvironment (TME).
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between CAFs, TAMs, and tumor budding in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), and evaluate their impact on prognostic factors.
METHODS: A total of 88 cases of surgically resected TSCC were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using markers of CAFs (fibroblast activation protein, FAP) and TAMs (CD163). The correlation between CAF and TAM scores, tumor budding, and various clinicopathological factors was assessed. TAM scores were evaluated for the number of TAMs in the intratumoral areas (TAM-t) and the invasive front (TAM-fr). CAF scores were evaluated for cancer cells in the intratumoral area (cCAF-t), stromal cells in the intratumoral area (sCAF-t), stromal cells in the invasive front (sCAF-fr), and the infiltration pattern of CAF (IPC).
RESULTS: The IPC score was significantly associated with the tumor budding scores (p < 0.001) and poor DFS (p < 0.01). In the multivariate analysis, cCAF-t, sCAF-t, and IPC scores emerged as independent prognostic factors (p < 0.05) for early-stage TSCC. CAFs may play a pivotal role in tumor invasion.
CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that CAFs significantly influence the invasive characteristics of TSCC and are correlated with tumor budding and a poor prognosis. These results underscore the potential of targeting CAFs as a therapeutic strategy for improving OSCC outcome.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between CAFs, TAMs, and tumor budding in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC), and evaluate their impact on prognostic factors.
METHODS: A total of 88 cases of surgically resected TSCC were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using markers of CAFs (fibroblast activation protein, FAP) and TAMs (CD163). The correlation between CAF and TAM scores, tumor budding, and various clinicopathological factors was assessed. TAM scores were evaluated for the number of TAMs in the intratumoral areas (TAM-t) and the invasive front (TAM-fr). CAF scores were evaluated for cancer cells in the intratumoral area (cCAF-t), stromal cells in the intratumoral area (sCAF-t), stromal cells in the invasive front (sCAF-fr), and the infiltration pattern of CAF (IPC).
RESULTS: The IPC score was significantly associated with the tumor budding scores (p < 0.001) and poor DFS (p < 0.01). In the multivariate analysis, cCAF-t, sCAF-t, and IPC scores emerged as independent prognostic factors (p < 0.05) for early-stage TSCC. CAFs may play a pivotal role in tumor invasion.
CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that CAFs significantly influence the invasive characteristics of TSCC and are correlated with tumor budding and a poor prognosis. These results underscore the potential of targeting CAFs as a therapeutic strategy for improving OSCC outcome.