[Chinese guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of adult primary immune thrombocytopenia (2025)].

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disease characterized by impaired immune tolerance, leading to increased platelet destruction and decreased platelet production. In recent years, with population structure changes and disease management improvements in China, adult ITP exhibits a trend toward older age at presentation and increased incidence. Further, a proportion of patients are at risk of both bleeding and thrombosis. Based on its 2020 edition, this guideline integrates evidence-based medical evidence from domestic and international studies, updates the application of selected laboratory and auxiliary tests in diagnostic evaluation, refines strategies for emergency management and initial therapy, and systematically incorporates new treatment options, including thrombopoietin receptor agonists and small molecule kinase inhibitors. Moreover, it broadens combination regimens for subsequent treatment and places greater emphasis on balancing thrombotic risk and health-related quality of life in long-term management, thereby providing a reference for standardized and individualized care of adult ITP in China.