Emerging infectious diseases · 2023
Clinical and Mycologic Characteristics of Emerging Mucormycosis Agent Rhizopus homothallicus.
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Rudramurthy Shivaprakash M, Singh Shreya, Kanaujia Rimjhim, Chaudhary Hansraj, Muthu Valliappan, Panda Naresh, Pandey Abhishek, Thakur Sheetal, Kaur Harsimran, Ghosh Anup, Agarwal Ritesh, Chakrabarti Arunaloke
Аннотация
We retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases of mucormycosis reported from a tertiary-care center in India to determine the clinical and mycologic characteristics of emerging Rhizopus homothallicus fungus. The objectives were ascertaining the proportion of R. homothallicus infection and the 30-day mortality rate in rhino-orbital mucormycosis attributable to R. homothallicus compared with R. arrhizus. R. homothallicus accounted for 43 (6.8%) of the 631 cases of mucormycosis. R. homothallicus infection was independently associated with better survival (odds ratio [OR] 0.08 [95% CI 0.02-0.36]; p = 0.001) than for R. arrhizus infection (4/41 [9.8%] vs. 104/266 [39.1%]) after adjusting for age, intracranial involvement, and surgery. We also performed antifungal-susceptibility testing, which indicated a low range of MICs for R. homothallicus against the commonly used antifungals (amphotericin B [0.03-16], itraconazole [0.03-16], posaconazole [0.03-8], and isavuconazole [0.03-16]). 18S gene sequencing and amplified length polymorphism analysis revealed distinct clustering of R. homothallicus.