Psychological Dimensions of Hair Transplantation: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence.

BACKGROUND

Hair transplantation is a widely performed intervention for alopecia, offering both cosmetic restoration and psychological benefits. Increasing evidence highlights the psychosocial impact of hair loss, particularly regarding self-esteem, identity, and social functioning.

AIMS: This review aims to evaluate the psychological dimensions of hair transplantation, including patient motivations, emotional burden, the role of psychological screening, and the associated mental health outcomes.

METHODS

A structured narrative review was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases to identify peer-reviewed articles published up to May 31, 2025. Search terms included "hair transplantation," "alopecia," "psychological impact," "body dysmorphic disorder," "depression," and "quality of life." Studies focusing on adult patients undergoing hair transplantation and reporting psychological outcomes or screening practices were included.

RESULTS

Hair loss is associated with significant psychological distress and may exacerbate depression, anxiety, and social withdrawal. Screening tools such as the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) are effective in identifying high-risk individuals. When patient expectations are well managed and psychological risk factors are considered, hair transplantation can lead to improved self-esteem, confidence, and emotional well-being. Conversely, inadequate screening or poor patient selection may result in dissatisfaction or worsening mental health.

CONCLUSIONS

Incorporating psychological evaluation into preoperative assessment must be considered for optimizing surgical and mental health outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach involving dermatologists, surgeons, and mental health professionals is recommended. Further research should establish standardized guidelines for psychosocial screening in hair restoration.