Journal of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026
What are the functional, esthetic, and psychosocial effects of orthognathic surgery on quality of life? A prospective observational study.
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İnaç Fadime, Esen Alparslan
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Dentofacial deformities are associated with functional, esthetic, and psychosocial impairments that negatively affect quality of life. Orthognathic surgery is used to correct these deformities; however, changes in postoperative quality-of-life may be influenced by both clinical and psychosocial factors.
METHODS: This prospective observational study included 71 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery between June 2023 and June 2024. Oral health-related quality of life was assessed preoperatively, at 6 weeks postoperatively, and at 6 months postoperatively using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). Sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics were recorded preoperatively. Changes in total and subscale scores were analyzed over time and according to gender, malocclusion type, clinical symptoms, and psychosocial variables.
RESULTS: Significant improvements in all OHIP-14 and OQLQ subscale and total scores were observed over time (p < 0.05), with the greatest improvements at the 6-month follow-up. Greater improvements were observed among patients with preoperative speech-related symptoms, school-, work-, or social life-related problems, and mandibular complaints. Gender-related differences were noted, with females showing greater esthetic-related improvements and males showing greater functional improvement. Higher preoperative esthetic severity perception and motivation levels were associated with smaller changes in quality-of-life scores. No significant differences were observed according to malocclusion type or occupation.
CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in functional, esthetic, and psychosocial aspects of quality of life were observed over time following orthognathic surgery. These changes appear to be associated not only with surgical treatment but also with patients' baseline impairments, expectations, and psychosocial characteristics, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach in orthognathic treatment planning.
METHODS: This prospective observational study included 71 patients who underwent orthognathic surgery between June 2023 and June 2024. Oral health-related quality of life was assessed preoperatively, at 6 weeks postoperatively, and at 6 months postoperatively using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). Sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics were recorded preoperatively. Changes in total and subscale scores were analyzed over time and according to gender, malocclusion type, clinical symptoms, and psychosocial variables.
RESULTS: Significant improvements in all OHIP-14 and OQLQ subscale and total scores were observed over time (p < 0.05), with the greatest improvements at the 6-month follow-up. Greater improvements were observed among patients with preoperative speech-related symptoms, school-, work-, or social life-related problems, and mandibular complaints. Gender-related differences were noted, with females showing greater esthetic-related improvements and males showing greater functional improvement. Higher preoperative esthetic severity perception and motivation levels were associated with smaller changes in quality-of-life scores. No significant differences were observed according to malocclusion type or occupation.
CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in functional, esthetic, and psychosocial aspects of quality of life were observed over time following orthognathic surgery. These changes appear to be associated not only with surgical treatment but also with patients' baseline impairments, expectations, and psychosocial characteristics, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach in orthognathic treatment planning.