Alopecia totalis following hand-foot-and-mouth disease.

We present a case of a 13-month-old male patient with alopecia totalis that began two months after an episode of hand-foot-and-mouth disease. It is hypothesized that the viral infection triggered an autoimmune response, which lead to production of lymphocytes targeting an antigen present in the hair bulb. Future research is necessary to determine whether and how the pathophysiology of alopecia totalis may be triggered by viral infection.