[Further research into the formation of the syntonic-autistic relationship in paranoid schizophrenia].

Research was conducted on a sample of 100 patients. The diagnosis was carefully verified according to the DSM-III. The "Syntonic" Scale and the "Autism" Scale, described in a separate paper were used. A literature review was performed with special attention to the fact that surprisingly rarely are references made to syntonia in research upon schizophrenic patients. The results are presented in table 1 and Figures 1 and 2. In all of the 100 subjects both factors studied were present though to varying degrees of severity. Both factors showed evident characteristics of selectivity. The numerical data revealed a definite predominance of autism over syntony, which is a well known fact in schizophrenia, however, of significant importance is the presence of syntony as an additional factor. The correlation variable of both scales is expressed by r = -0.79, which indicates that there is a strong negative relationship. For the needs of further analysis the groups were split into smaller subgroups. Subgroup I was characterized by the predominance of autism over syntony (47 cases). In subgroup II a predominance of syntony over autism was found (33 cases). On the basis of greater confidence the subgroup III was described, which contained the cases in which neither factor was predominant (20 cases). The majority of the sample of patients ill with schizophrenia showed the ability to react syntonically. The obtained results support the view that autism and syntony are two poles of the same dimension, they also support the hypothesis which states that there is evidence to suggest that the are two basic subgroups of paranoidal schizophrenia.