The iliac compression syndrome.

The iliac compression syndrome is caused by impaired venous drainage of the left leg, secondary to compression or stricture of the left iliac vein at, or just before, its junction with inferior vena cava. Serious potential complications are deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, venous congestion, and the resultant incapacity. Nine patients in whom the diagnosis was confirmed by iliac phlebography are described. Iliac pressure determinations were made in 7 patients. Four patinets underwent resection, and retroplacement of the right iliac artery behind the left iliac vein. The operative results were good. This rare syndrome should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of peripheral venous disease, as it can be treated in the early stages. If it is left untreated, there is a risk of pulmonary embolism or incapacitating peripheral vascular disease.