[Investigation on characteristics and influencing factors in anxiety and depression among patients with common vestibular vertigo].

Objective

To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors in anxiety and depression among patients with common vestibular vertigo, and to provide references for their symptom management and further rehabilitation.

Methods

This research is a cross-sectional study. Patients' general information and health status were collected, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale（GAD-7）, Patient Health Questionnaire Scale（PHQ-9）, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory（DHI） were used to assess their anxiety and depression state, sleep quality and severity of symptoms respectively. Univariate difference analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors in occurrence of anxiety and depression.

Results

Among 215 patients with vestibular vertigo, the incidences of anxiety and depression were 40.47% and 42.79% respectively. The results of regression analysis showed that male gender（OR=0.493, 95%CI 0.255-0.951, P=0.035） was negatively correlated with the occurrence of anxiety, while educational level（OR=2.151, 95%CI 1.253-3.695, P=0.006）, PSQI scores（OR=1.389, 95%CI 1.009-1.914, P=0.044）, and DHI scores（OR=3.261, 95%CI 1.961-5.424, P<0.001） were positively correlated with the occurrence of anxiety; non-BPPV diagnosis（OR=2.813, 95%CI 1.333-5.937, P=0.007）, PSQI scores（OR=1.753, 95%CI 1.262-2.436, P=0.001）, and DHI scores（OR=2.289, 95%CI 1.379-4.101, P=0.001） were positively correlated with the occurrence of depression.

Conclusion

People with vestibular vertigo are prone to anxiety and depression. Female gender, higher educational level, poorer sleep quality and more severe vestibular symptoms are risk factors for anxiety. Non-BPPV diagnosis, poorer sleep quality and more severe vestibular symptoms are risk factors for depression. In clinical diagnosis and treatment, attention should be paid to the mental and psychological status of patients and timely screening and intervention should be provided to promote the comprehensive recovery and to improve disease prognosis.