Cancer-Specific Antihuman Podoplanin Antibody chLpMab-2f Exerts Antitumor Effects Against Pleural Mesothelioma.

Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis owing to its resistance to chemotherapy. To develop a novel treatment for PM, podoplanin (PDPN), a transmembrane glycoprotein, has attracted significant attention because it is highly expressed in PM and is used for its diagnosis. We previously reported that NZ-12, a human chimeric antihuman PDPN antibody, exhibits antitumor effects against human PM cells through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Additionally, we developed a cancer-specific monoclonal antibody (CasMab) production technology and produced a mouse-human chimeric cancer-specific antihuman PDPN antibody, chLpMab-2, along with an afucosylated version, chLpMab-2f, to enhance ADCC activity. This study aimed to evaluate whether chLpMab-2f exhibits specific antitumor effects against PM in a preclinical model. We demonstrated that chLpMab-2f recognized the surface PDPN of human PM cell lines and human PM patient tissue but did not react with human normal tissues such as lung and kidney tissues. Furthermore, these antibodies exhibited ADCC and CDC activity against PDPN-positive PM cells while showing reduced toxicity toward non-malignant kidney-derived PDPN-positive cells, such as HEK-293FT. Additionally, chLpMab-2f demonstrated stronger ADCC activity through more efficient NK cell activation in comparison to chLpMab-2. Moreover, chLpMab-2f suppressed tumor progression in subcutaneously and intrathoracically transplanted human PM cells in mice. These findings suggest that PDPN-targeting immunotherapy with chLpMab-2f generated by CasMab technology could provide an effective treatment for PM with decreased toxicity toward normal tissues.