[Noninvasive ventilation in chronic obstructive lung disease].

Non-invasive ventilation refers to ventilatory support without establishing an endotracheal airway. The advent positive-pressure ventilation delivered through a nasal or face mask has greatly expanded the use of non-invasive ventilation. In patients with acute respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive lung disease, non-invasive positive pressure ventilation reduces the need for intubation and related complications, shortens the duration of hospital stay and improves survival. The role of intermittent non-invasive long-term ventilation in the management of chronic respiratory failure related to chronic obstructive lung disease remains to be defined. The advantages of this therapy as an adjunct to conventional medical treatment and long-term oxygen therapy are not well established. Introduction of non-invasive ventilation requires close monitoring by experienced staff. Technical advances in delivery systems have improved the results and acceptance of this promising therapy.