Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026
Health outcomes across socioeconomic strata B, C, and DE among Brazilian adults living in moderate social vulnerability.
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Fernandes Camilla Ytala Pinheiro, Gonçalves Cristiane Maria, Neves Lucas Melo, Reimberg Thais, Colombo-Souza Patricia, Armond Jane de Eston, Formiga Natália Pinheiro Fabricio, Gil Saulo
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether socioeconomic status was associated with anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and quality of life among Brazilian adults living in areas of moderate social vulnerability. In addition, we described anxiety and depressive symptoms, BMI and waist-to-hip ratio, and quality of life in individuals living in moderate social vulnerability.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. In a socially vulnerable cohort, interviews captured demographics, comorbidities, medications, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and quality of life, followed by measurement of anthropometric characteristics.
RESULTS: Among 299 socially vulnerable adults, 8% had moderate-severe depressive symptoms and 7% had moderate-severe anxiety symptoms; ~50% showed increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases (i.e., waist-to-hip ratio greater or equal to 0.90 for men and 0.85 for women, respectively). Poor quality of life affected 4-12% across domains. Mental health, anthropometrics (waist-to-hip ratio, BMI), increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases and quality of life in physical, social and environmental domains did not differ by socioeconomic status (B, C, DE; all P>0.05). Poor psychological quality of life was more frequent among participants in higher socioeconomic status (B: 8%; C: 6%; DE: 4%, P = 0.0157). Linear regression analyses showed no statistically significant differences across socioeconomic status in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, or quality of life scores in any domain (all P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that, among Brazilian adults living in moderate social vulnerability and classified within socioeconomic status B, C, and DE, mental health, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and quality-of-life indicators were similar across socioeconomic strata. However, these results should be interpreted as reflecting intra-group socioeconomic differences within a moderately vulnerable population and should not be generalized to individuals from the highest socioeconomic status.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. In a socially vulnerable cohort, interviews captured demographics, comorbidities, medications, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and quality of life, followed by measurement of anthropometric characteristics.
RESULTS: Among 299 socially vulnerable adults, 8% had moderate-severe depressive symptoms and 7% had moderate-severe anxiety symptoms; ~50% showed increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases (i.e., waist-to-hip ratio greater or equal to 0.90 for men and 0.85 for women, respectively). Poor quality of life affected 4-12% across domains. Mental health, anthropometrics (waist-to-hip ratio, BMI), increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases and quality of life in physical, social and environmental domains did not differ by socioeconomic status (B, C, DE; all P>0.05). Poor psychological quality of life was more frequent among participants in higher socioeconomic status (B: 8%; C: 6%; DE: 4%, P = 0.0157). Linear regression analyses showed no statistically significant differences across socioeconomic status in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, or quality of life scores in any domain (all P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that, among Brazilian adults living in moderate social vulnerability and classified within socioeconomic status B, C, and DE, mental health, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and quality-of-life indicators were similar across socioeconomic strata. However, these results should be interpreted as reflecting intra-group socioeconomic differences within a moderately vulnerable population and should not be generalized to individuals from the highest socioeconomic status.