Nanovesicles derived from protocorm-like bodies of Dendrobium officinal enhance corneal epithelial repair and reduce inflammation in dry eye disease models.

Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) offer a promising, biocompatible therapeutic platform. In this study, we isolated nanovesicles from protocorm-like bodies of Dendrobium officinale (PLBs-NVs) and evaluated their efficacy in dry eye disease (DED) models. PLBs-NVs protected human corneal epithelial cells against hyperosmotic stress, supported wound repair, and inhibited inflammation in vitro. In a desiccating stress-induced DED mouse model, topical PLBs-NVs treatment significantly restored tear secretion, reduced corneal epithelial damage, and lowered levels of proinflammatory cytokines. These results suggest that PLBs-NVs are a safe, natural, and effective therapeutic strategy for DED, supporting their potential for future clinical translation in ocular surface disorders.