Le infezioni in medicina · 2021
Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is the dominant route of transmission: droplets and aerosols.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Rabaan Ali A, Al-Ahmed Shamsah H, Al-Malkey Maysaa, Alsubki Roua, Ezzikouri Sayeh, Al-Hababi Fadel Hassan, Sah Ranjit, Al Mutair Abbas, Alhumaid Saad, Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A, Al-Omari Awad, Al-Qaaneh Ayman M, Al-Qahtani Manaf, Tirupathi Raghavendra, Al Hamad Mohammad A, Al-Baghli Nadira A, Sulaiman Tarek, Alsubait Arwa, Mehta Rachana, Abass Elfadil, Alawi Maha, Alshahrani Fatimah, Shrestha Dhan Bahadur, Karobari Mohmed Isaqali, Pecho-Silva Samuel, Arteaga-Livias Kovy, Bonilla-Aldana D Katterine, Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J
Аннотация
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a pandemic worldwide. On a daily basis the number of deaths associated with COVID-19 is rapidly increasing. The main transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 is through the air (airborne transmission). This review details the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the aerodynamics, and different modes of transmission (e.g. droplets, droplet nuclei, and aerosol particles). SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted by an infected person during activities such as expiration, coughing, sneezing, and talking. During such activities and some medical procedures, aerosols and droplets contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 particles are formed. Depending on their sizes and the environmental conditions, such particles stay viable in the air for varying time periods and can cause infection in a susceptible host. Very few studies have been conducted to establish the mechanism or the aerodynamics of virus-loaded particles and droplets in causing infection. In this review we discuss the various forms in which SARS-CoV-2 virus particles can be transmitted in air and cause infections.