[Viral hepatitis A-E].

Hepatitis viruses A-E cause acute and chronic liver inflammation and thus lead to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. They differ significantly in their biology, course of disease and therapy options. While hepatitis A virus only causes acute infection, hepatitis B can become chronic, even reactivate or occur as coinfection with hepatitis D virus. Whereas these infections are preventable through vaccination, a vaccine does not exist against HCV. However, new direct antiviral agents reliably lead to cure of chronic hepatitis C. Hepatitis E virus frequently causes acute or-in case of immunosuppression-even chronic hepatitis. Continual screening of patients with elevated liver enzymes or risk groups using simple serological markers can enable virus-specific therapy of mostly asymptomatic chronic virus hepatitis, preventing the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.