Monomer conversion, surface microhardness, elemental release, surface mineral precipitation, and cytotoxicity of ion-releasing resin sealant.

This study evaluated the monomer conversion (DC), surface microhardness, elemental release, and cytotoxicity of experimental dental sealants containing monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), strontium/fluoride-bioactive glass nanoparticles (Sr/F-BAGs), and ε-polylysine. Experimental sealants with (TS1) and without additives (TS0) were compared to commercial sealants (Clinpro and BeautiSealant). DC was measured after light-curing for 40 s. Surface microhardness and elemental release in deionized water were determined after 4-week water storage. Cell viability of the extract was also examined. TS1 exhibited a DC of 82%, significantly higher than commercial materials (65-73%, p<0.05). Surface microhardness of TS1 (14.8 VHN) was comparable to commercial sealants (p>0.05). TS1 released Ca, Sr, and P ions, while commercial materials released mainly fluoride. All materials showed >70% cell viability. The experimental dental sealant demonstrated satisfactory polymerization and mechanical properties with enhanced multi-ion release, suggesting potential for improved bioactivity of the material to help prevent caries associated with restoration and sealant (CARS).