International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2026
The Comparative Evaluation of Various Dentin Conditioners with and without Antimicrobial Agent on the Shear Bond Strength of Glass Ionomer Cement to Dentin: An In Vitro Study.
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Alex Vinitha, Abraham K K, Khosla Ektah, James Arun R, Thenumkal Elza
Аннотация
AIM AND BACKGROUND: Glass ionomer cement (GIC) dentin conditioners are considered a useful step in the restorative process, as they increase the bond strength of GIC to dentin. Delivering antimicrobial agents through the dentin conditioner may minimize the impact on the physical properties of GIC. It is not known whether such antibacterial conditioning agents may affect the bond strength of GIC to dentin.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of various dentin conditioners with and without antimicrobial agent on the shear bond strength (SBS) of GIC to dentin.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 105 noncarious, unrestored, and sound human maxillary premolars extracted for orthodontic treatment were selected for the study. Tooth specimens were ground to expose a flat dentinal surface. The tooth specimens were embedded in self-cured acrylic resin on metallic molds. Specimens were randomly assigned into seven groups with 15 specimens each, according to the dentin conditioning agent used: Group I with no conditioning, group II with GC dentin conditioner, group III with 50% citric acid, group IV with 36% phosphoric acid, group V with GC conditioner + 1% cetrimide, group VI with 50% citric acid + 1% cetrimide, and group VII with 36% phosphoric acid + 1% cetrimide. After conditioning for 10 seconds, the specimens were thoroughly washed and air-dried. GC Fuji IX was condensed into the Teflon molds. The specimens were then subjected to SBS testing using universal testing machine (UTM).
RESULTS: The SBS values decreased when 1% cetrimide was added to the dentin conditioners which were, however, statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). The GC dentin conditioner group (group II) showed the highest SBS values and no-conditioning group (group I) showed the least.
CONCLUSION: Delivering 1% cetrimide as an antibacterial agent with dentin conditioner showed no significant adverse effect on the SBS of GIC to dentin. Hence, 1% cetrimide can be added to dentin conditioning agent used with GIC in atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) with minimal impact on the physical properties of GIC.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: In Pediatric Dentistry, GIC is most commonly used with ART of cavity preparation. The dental hand instruments used in this technique are less effective when compared to rotary burs in removal of carious dentin, and in such situations, residual caries are most likely to be restored over. If GIC is unable to arrest the caries, the result will be a restoration failure. Incorporating antibacterial agents into glass ionomer powder may cause basic mechanical changes in the physical properties of the GIC. The use of an antibacterial dentin conditioner may be useful when restoring cavities that have residual carious dentin.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Alex V, Abraham KK, Khosla E, et al. The Comparative Evaluation of Various Dentin Conditioners with and without Antimicrobial Agent on the Shear Bond Strength of Glass Ionomer Cement to Dentin: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2026;19(3):350-356.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of various dentin conditioners with and without antimicrobial agent on the shear bond strength (SBS) of GIC to dentin.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 105 noncarious, unrestored, and sound human maxillary premolars extracted for orthodontic treatment were selected for the study. Tooth specimens were ground to expose a flat dentinal surface. The tooth specimens were embedded in self-cured acrylic resin on metallic molds. Specimens were randomly assigned into seven groups with 15 specimens each, according to the dentin conditioning agent used: Group I with no conditioning, group II with GC dentin conditioner, group III with 50% citric acid, group IV with 36% phosphoric acid, group V with GC conditioner + 1% cetrimide, group VI with 50% citric acid + 1% cetrimide, and group VII with 36% phosphoric acid + 1% cetrimide. After conditioning for 10 seconds, the specimens were thoroughly washed and air-dried. GC Fuji IX was condensed into the Teflon molds. The specimens were then subjected to SBS testing using universal testing machine (UTM).
RESULTS: The SBS values decreased when 1% cetrimide was added to the dentin conditioners which were, however, statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). The GC dentin conditioner group (group II) showed the highest SBS values and no-conditioning group (group I) showed the least.
CONCLUSION: Delivering 1% cetrimide as an antibacterial agent with dentin conditioner showed no significant adverse effect on the SBS of GIC to dentin. Hence, 1% cetrimide can be added to dentin conditioning agent used with GIC in atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) with minimal impact on the physical properties of GIC.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: In Pediatric Dentistry, GIC is most commonly used with ART of cavity preparation. The dental hand instruments used in this technique are less effective when compared to rotary burs in removal of carious dentin, and in such situations, residual caries are most likely to be restored over. If GIC is unable to arrest the caries, the result will be a restoration failure. Incorporating antibacterial agents into glass ionomer powder may cause basic mechanical changes in the physical properties of the GIC. The use of an antibacterial dentin conditioner may be useful when restoring cavities that have residual carious dentin.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Alex V, Abraham KK, Khosla E, et al. The Comparative Evaluation of Various Dentin Conditioners with and without Antimicrobial Agent on the Shear Bond Strength of Glass Ionomer Cement to Dentin: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2026;19(3):350-356.