International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2026
Relationship between Demographic Characteristics, Dietary Habits, and Oral Hygiene Practices and the Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries among Preschoolers.
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Anand Abhishek, Sharma Swati, Shukla Jeevendra N, Kumar Arvind, Arunesh Kumar, Anuradha Kumari
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a widely prevalent dental disease. Various risk factors affect its occurrence, such as demographic differences, dietary habits, and oral hygiene practices. This study aims to assess the association between ECC and the risk factors among preschoolers in Patna, Bihar.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,200 children were included in the study, aged between 24 and 70 months. Parents of children enrolled in preschools and Anganwadi centers of Patna city formed the study population. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect demographic, dietary, and oral hygiene behavior data. Dental caries of children was assessed using the WHO Oral Health Survey 1997. A Chi-squared test of association was applied to find significant differences at the 5% level of significance.
RESULTS: ECC was prevalent in 28.1% of children. Lower socioeconomic status (p < 0.01), frequent snacking (p < 0.01), on-demand and nighttime bottle feeding (p < 0.01), maternal illiteracy (p < 0.01), and age (p < 0.01) were all significantly correlated with it. Protective factors included brushing under supervision, using fluoridated toothpaste, and taking nutritional supplements (p < 0.01). Neither birth weight (p = 0.055) nor the method of brushing one's teeth (brush vs finger, p = 0.757) was found to be a significant predictor.
CONCLUSION: The study emphasized the multifaceted nature of ECC, with sociodemographic and dental hygiene-related factors as significant contributors. Preventive measures that prioritize better oral hygiene practices, food counseling, and parent/carer education to reduce the proportion of ECC are advised.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Anand A, Sharma S, Shukla JN, et al. Relationship between Demographic Characteristics, Dietary Habits, and Oral Hygiene Practices and the Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries among Preschoolers. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2026;19(5):607-610.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,200 children were included in the study, aged between 24 and 70 months. Parents of children enrolled in preschools and Anganwadi centers of Patna city formed the study population. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect demographic, dietary, and oral hygiene behavior data. Dental caries of children was assessed using the WHO Oral Health Survey 1997. A Chi-squared test of association was applied to find significant differences at the 5% level of significance.
RESULTS: ECC was prevalent in 28.1% of children. Lower socioeconomic status (p < 0.01), frequent snacking (p < 0.01), on-demand and nighttime bottle feeding (p < 0.01), maternal illiteracy (p < 0.01), and age (p < 0.01) were all significantly correlated with it. Protective factors included brushing under supervision, using fluoridated toothpaste, and taking nutritional supplements (p < 0.01). Neither birth weight (p = 0.055) nor the method of brushing one's teeth (brush vs finger, p = 0.757) was found to be a significant predictor.
CONCLUSION: The study emphasized the multifaceted nature of ECC, with sociodemographic and dental hygiene-related factors as significant contributors. Preventive measures that prioritize better oral hygiene practices, food counseling, and parent/carer education to reduce the proportion of ECC are advised.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Anand A, Sharma S, Shukla JN, et al. Relationship between Demographic Characteristics, Dietary Habits, and Oral Hygiene Practices and the Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries among Preschoolers. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2026;19(5):607-610.