Dyskeratosis congenita with pancytopenia and horseshoe kidney.

Dyskeratosis congenita is an X-linked ectodermal dysplasia characterized by hyperpigmentation, nail dystrophy, and leukoplakia. Pancytopenia develops in 50% of patients. We have reported another case with serious pancytopenia and the previously unreported occurrence of horseshoe kidney, and have discussed the similarities and differences between dyskeratosis congenita and Fanconi's anemia.