Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2024
Early medical risks to language development in extremely preterm infants.
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Nelson Paige M, Scheiber Francesca, Demir-Lira Ö Ece, Harmon Heidi M
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanistic role of neonatal morbidities on language performance in extremely preterm (EP) infants.
STUDY DESIGN: We conducted secondary analyses on EP infants born at a single tertiary care center, investigating whether neonatal morbidities mediated associations between gestational age and language performance at 18-26 months corrected age.
RESULTS: Infants born at 25-26 weeks (n = 298) outperformed those born at 22-24 weeks (n = 177) in expressive communication, receptive communication, composite language, and cognition. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), grade 2/3 bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and cognition partially explained gestational age effects on expressive and receptive communication. In the final sequential path models, infants born 22-24 weeks gestation were more likely to be diagnosed with grade 2/3 BPD, which was linked to diminished cognitive skills, and reduced language skills.
CONCLUSION: Families of EP infants born under 25 weeks or with ROP and/or grade 2/3 BPD should be counseled about higher language impairment risk and receive proactive intervention.
STUDY DESIGN: We conducted secondary analyses on EP infants born at a single tertiary care center, investigating whether neonatal morbidities mediated associations between gestational age and language performance at 18-26 months corrected age.
RESULTS: Infants born at 25-26 weeks (n = 298) outperformed those born at 22-24 weeks (n = 177) in expressive communication, receptive communication, composite language, and cognition. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), grade 2/3 bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and cognition partially explained gestational age effects on expressive and receptive communication. In the final sequential path models, infants born 22-24 weeks gestation were more likely to be diagnosed with grade 2/3 BPD, which was linked to diminished cognitive skills, and reduced language skills.
CONCLUSION: Families of EP infants born under 25 weeks or with ROP and/or grade 2/3 BPD should be counseled about higher language impairment risk and receive proactive intervention.