Nucleic acid vaccines for hepatitis B and C virus.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections accounts for an important global health problem affecting over 250 million people all around the world. They can cause acute, transient and chronic infections in the human liver. Chronic infection of liver can lead to its failure or cancer. To deal with this problem, alternative approaches or strategies to inhibit these infections have already been started. DNA and mRNA-based vaccination will increase the efficacy and reduce toxicity in patients with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Gene vaccines represent a promising alternative to conventional vaccine approaches because of their high potency, capacity for rapid development, low-cost manufacture and safe administration. MRNA-based vaccination is a method to elicit potent antigen-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses with a superior safety profile compared with DNA vaccines. Exploring the intricacies of these pathways can potentially help the researchers to explore newer vaccines. In this study, DNA and mRNA-based vaccination are introduced as an approach to treat Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. DNA and mRNA-based vaccines as one of the most successful therapeutics are introduced and the clinical outcomes of their exploitation are explained.