Exploring the Influence of a Diabetes Specialty Outpatient Clinic on Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in Barbados: A Qualitative Study.

OBJECTIVES

This study explored the perceptions of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) regarding their self-management and the impact of a diabetes specialty outpatient clinic on their quality of life (QOL) in Barbados.

DESIGN

A qualitative, descriptive-interpretive study using semi-structured online interviews.

SETTING

Paediatric diabetes specialty outpatient clinic at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH), Barbados.

PARTICIPANTS

Twelve adolescents aged 13-17 years with T1DM for > 1 year who attended the diabetes specialty outpatient clinic for at least 6 months.

METHODS

Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded using ATLAS.ti 23, and analysed thematically using a constant comparison approach.

RESULTS

Three organising themes-autonomy, internal resilience and clinic and social support-contributed to the global theme of diabetic health literacy. Participants demonstrated varied levels of diabetes self-management confidence. Clinic interactions, family support and peer understanding were key influences on autonomy and resilience. Adolescents identified a need for age-appropriate communication and psychosocial support.

CONCLUSIONS

Diabetic health literacy among Barbadian adolescents is influenced by clinical support, psychosocial resources, and educational strategies. Adolescents' autonomy should be fostered through youth-centred approaches that enhance self-efficacy and support transition readiness.