Autologous Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cell for Third Molar Post Extraction Socket Healing. A split mouth randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the osteogenic potential of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells in extraction sockets of mandibular third molars by objective assessment of bone density and resorption.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

This human study, a randomized clinical trial included twenty bilaterally symmetrical impacted third molars on each side of the lower jaw. The cohorts were divided in to two groups. Group A in which stem cells extracted from the pulp chamber were placed in the extraction socket. The stem cells were wrapped with a collagen membrane in a ependorph tube and roiled on a dental vibrator. In Group B, the extraction socket was closed without the placement of stem cells. CBCT was performed on the day of the surgery and 6 months post-surgery. CBCT data was analyzed by 2 radiologists individualistically, determining bone density and bone resorption post extraction and 6 months thereafter.

RESULTS

The response variable were bone density and bone resorption. Bone density variable BDD for Group A by radiologist 1 and radiologist 2 was 136 and 136.50(Median Inter quartile range) with p value (0.0001) and for Group B by radiologist 1 and 2 was 47.0 and 52.0(Median Interquartile range) with p value (0.0001). Bone resorption variable (BRV) for Group A by radiologist 1 and radiologist 2 was -0.885 and -0.845(Median IQR) with p value (0.001) and for Group B it was -0.325 and -0.330(Median IQR) with p value (0.001). With a p value less than 0.05 our results were statistically significant.

CONCLUSION

The results of our study suggest an increase in bone density and reduced bone resorption in the extraction sockets that were infused with dental pulp stem cells before closure, as opposed to the controls.