Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy · 2025
Incidence of and risk factors for side effects associated with antibiotic treatment for pneumonia.
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Hamao Nobuyoshi, Ito Isao, Konishi Satoshi, Tanabe Naoya, Oi Issei, Yasutomo Yoshiro, Kadowaki Seizo, Hirai Toyohiro
Аннотация
PURPOSE: To determine the incidence of side effects associated with beta-lactam antibiotics commonly used in pneumonia treatment and the risk factors for each side effect.
METHODS: Patients with community-acquired or healthcare-associated pneumonia were prospectively enrolled between June 2002 and December 2012. Patients were administered with beta-lactam antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia. All side effects observed during the antibiotic treatment were recorded. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for each side effect.
RESULTS: A total of 1162 patients were enrolled in this study. The antibiotics used for treatment were ampicillin/sulbactam in 362, piperacillin/tazobactam in 111, cefotiam in 89, ceftriaxone in 140, cefepime in 130, imipenem/cilastatin in 110, meropenem in 97, and others in 123 cases. Diarrhea, elevated liver enzyme levels, and skin rash were observed in 174 (15.0 %), 52 (4.5 %), and 28 (2.4 %) patients, respectively. In multivariate analysis, female sex (p < 0.05) and use of either piperacillin/tazobactam (p < 0.05), cefepime (p < 0.05), or imipenem/cilastatin (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with diarrhea. Use of cefotiam (p < 0.05) or meropenem (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with elevated liver enzyme levels. No significant risk factors were found for skin rashes.
CONCLUSION: Broad-spectrum antibiotics tended to cause diarrhea more frequently. The use of cefotiam and meropenem was associated with increased liver enzyme levels.
METHODS: Patients with community-acquired or healthcare-associated pneumonia were prospectively enrolled between June 2002 and December 2012. Patients were administered with beta-lactam antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia. All side effects observed during the antibiotic treatment were recorded. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for each side effect.
RESULTS: A total of 1162 patients were enrolled in this study. The antibiotics used for treatment were ampicillin/sulbactam in 362, piperacillin/tazobactam in 111, cefotiam in 89, ceftriaxone in 140, cefepime in 130, imipenem/cilastatin in 110, meropenem in 97, and others in 123 cases. Diarrhea, elevated liver enzyme levels, and skin rash were observed in 174 (15.0 %), 52 (4.5 %), and 28 (2.4 %) patients, respectively. In multivariate analysis, female sex (p < 0.05) and use of either piperacillin/tazobactam (p < 0.05), cefepime (p < 0.05), or imipenem/cilastatin (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with diarrhea. Use of cefotiam (p < 0.05) or meropenem (p < 0.05) were significantly associated with elevated liver enzyme levels. No significant risk factors were found for skin rashes.
CONCLUSION: Broad-spectrum antibiotics tended to cause diarrhea more frequently. The use of cefotiam and meropenem was associated with increased liver enzyme levels.