The Association between Nutritional Status and In-Hospital Mortality among Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome-A Result of the Retrospective Nutritional Status Heart Study (NSHS).

BACKGROUND

Nutritional status is related to the prognosis and the length of hospitalization of individuals with myocardial infarction. This study aimed to assess the effects of nutritional status on in-hospital mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

METHODS

We performed a retrospective study of 1623 medical records of patients admitted to the cardiology department of the University Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw (Poland) between 2017 and 2019.

RESULTS

It was found that, of those who died in the sample, 50% had a BMI within the normal range, 29% were in the overweight range and 18% were in the obese range. Patients who died had significantly more frequent occurrences of the following: Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) ≥ 3 (20% vs. 6%; p < 0.001); heart failure (53% vs. 25%; p < 0.001); or a history of stroke (22% vs. 9%; p < 0.001), arterial hypertension (66% vs. 19%; p < 0001) or diabetes (41% vs. 19%; p < 0.001). Statistically significant differences were found when considering the type of infarction, diabetes or people with low-density lipoprotein greater than or equal to 70 mg/dL.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that malnutrition correlates with an increased risk of death during hospitalization.