From Collar to Coccyx: Truncal Movement Disorders: A Clinical Review.

BACKGROUND

Movement disorders affecting the trunk remain a diagnostic challenge even for experienced clinicians. However, despite being common and debilitating, truncal movement disorders are rarely discussed and poorly reviewed in the medical literature.

OBJECTIVES

To review common movement disorders affecting the trunk and provide an approach for clinicians based on the truncal region involved (shoulder, chest, diaphragm, abdomen, pelvis, and axial disorders). For each disorder, clinical presentation, etiologic differential diagnosis, and "clinical clues" are discussed.

CONCLUSION

This review provides a clinically focused, practical approach to truncal movement disorders, which will be helpful for physicians in everyday practice.