Using new genetic tools to study the pathogenesis of Blastomyces dermatitidis.

Fungal pathogens have emerged as a public health menace owing to the expanding population of vulnerable patients and a heightened exposure to fungi in our environment, particularly for the systemic dimorphic fungi that inhabit soil worldwide. A better understanding of these invaders and their pathogenic mechanisms is badly needed to further research into therapeutic options. Advances in the molecular tools available for genetic manipulation of Blastomyces dermatitidis have enhanced our ability to study this poorly understood dimorphic fungal pathogen. Recent refinements in gene-transfer techniques, new selection markers, reliable reporter fusions and successes in gene targeting have shed light upon the importance of the mycelium-to-yeast transition and the crucial and complex role the BAD1 adhesin plays in pathogenesis.