Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society · 2026
Challenges of Dengue in Hematological Disease Patients: Descriptive Analysis From the DANGO Registry During the 2023-2024 Outbreak in Argentina.
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Méndez Gustavo Adolfo, Niveyro Carla, Villalba Apestegui Pedro Andrés, Martin Victoria Isabel, Compañy Kec Lucila María, Tomasino María Cynthia, Del Marull Mariana Del Carmen, Bernard Haydee Ingrid, Fernández Claudia Patricia Lorena, Pelech Flavia Marcela, Tosin Maria Fernanda, González-Hobecker María Fernanda, Duranona Karen Beatrice, Jara Angela Daiana, Cornely Justus, Cornely Oliver A, Salmanton-García Jon
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Dengue virus (DENV) infection is an increasing public health concern in immunocompromised patients, including those with hematological disease (HD). Clinical overlap between DENV and HD-related complications often leads to underdiagnosis, and data on DENV outcomes in HD patients were limited during the 2023-2024 outbreak in Argentina.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter analysis of HD patients with laboratory-confirmed or highly probable DENV infection reported to the Argentine DANGO registry between November 2023 and May 2024. Seven centers participated. Patients aged ≥16 years were included, and demographic, clinical, laboratory, treatment, and outcome data were analyzed descriptively.
RESULTS: Thirty-three HD patients with DENV were included. Median age was 54 years (IQR 33-63), and 70% were male. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (30%) and acute myeloid leukemia (21%) were the most common HD. Most patients (82%) were receiving active chemotherapy, and 24% had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Hospitalization was required in 64% of cases. Thrombocytopenia occurred in 90%, leukopenia in 67%, and hematocrit <30% in 52%. DENV with warning signs was observed in 64% of patients. Two cases of transfusion-associated DENV were documented via PCR-positive platelet donor samples. Overall mortality was 6% (2/33), with both deaths directly attributable to DENV-related complications.
CONCLUSIONS: DENV infection in patients with HD is associated with frequent complications, high hospitalization rates, and substantial morbidity and non-negligible mortality. Symptom overlap with HD-related conditions complicates diagnosis. Increased clinical awareness, standardized diagnostic approaches, and strengthened transfusion safety measures are essential in endemic areas, especially during outbreaks.
METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter analysis of HD patients with laboratory-confirmed or highly probable DENV infection reported to the Argentine DANGO registry between November 2023 and May 2024. Seven centers participated. Patients aged ≥16 years were included, and demographic, clinical, laboratory, treatment, and outcome data were analyzed descriptively.
RESULTS: Thirty-three HD patients with DENV were included. Median age was 54 years (IQR 33-63), and 70% were male. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (30%) and acute myeloid leukemia (21%) were the most common HD. Most patients (82%) were receiving active chemotherapy, and 24% had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Hospitalization was required in 64% of cases. Thrombocytopenia occurred in 90%, leukopenia in 67%, and hematocrit <30% in 52%. DENV with warning signs was observed in 64% of patients. Two cases of transfusion-associated DENV were documented via PCR-positive platelet donor samples. Overall mortality was 6% (2/33), with both deaths directly attributable to DENV-related complications.
CONCLUSIONS: DENV infection in patients with HD is associated with frequent complications, high hospitalization rates, and substantial morbidity and non-negligible mortality. Symptom overlap with HD-related conditions complicates diagnosis. Increased clinical awareness, standardized diagnostic approaches, and strengthened transfusion safety measures are essential in endemic areas, especially during outbreaks.