Emerging infectious diseases · 2025
Features of Invasive Aspergillosis Caused by Aspergillus flavus, France, 2012-2018.
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Bertin-Biasutto Lise, Paccoud Olivier, Garcia-Hermoso Dea, Denis Blandine, Boukris-Sitbon Karine, Lortholary Olivier, Bretagne Stéphane, Gits-Muselli Maud, Herbrecht Raoul, Letscher-Bru Valérie, Danion François, Cassaing Sophie, Morio Florent, Nourrisson Céline, Pihet Marc, Sasso Milène, Desoubeaux Guillaume, Durieux Marie-Fleur, Bonhomme Julie, Chachaty Elisabeth, Chouaki Taieb, Desbois-Nogard Nicole, Alanio Alexandre, Gangneux Jean-Pierre, Lanternier Fanny
Аннотация
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) caused by Aspergillus flavus remains poorly described. We retrospectively analyzed 54 cases of IA caused by A. flavus reported in France during 2012-2018. Among cases, underlying IA risk factors were malignancy, solid organ transplantation, and diabetes. Most (87%, 47/54) infections were localized, of which 33 were pleuropulmonary and 13 were ear-nose-throat (ENT) infection sites. Malignancy (70% [23/33]) and solid organ transplantation (21% [7/33]) were the main risk factors in localized pulmonary infections, and diabetes mellitus was associated with localized ENT involvement (61.5%, [8/13]). Fungal co-infections were frequent in pulmonary (36%, 12/33) but not ENT IA (0 cases). Antifungal monotherapy was prescribed in 45/50 (90%) cases, mainly voriconazole (67%, 30/45). All-cause 30-day case-fatality rates were 39.2% and 90-day rates were 47.1%, and rates varied according to risk factor, IA site, and fungal co-infections. Clinicians should remain vigilant for A. flavus and consider it in the differential diagnosis for IA.