Clinical interventions in aging · 2026
Lifetime Endurance Physical Activity Is Related to Better Cardiometabolic Profile but May Be Insufficient to Preserve Muscle Strength and Power in Middle Aged and Older Men.
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Pigłowska Małgorzata, Kwaśniewska Magdalena, Kostka Joanna, Jegier Anna, Drygas Wojciech, Dzięcioł Karolina Agnieszka, Szmigielska Katarzyna, Kostka Tomasz
Аннотация
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of lifetime endurance physical activity (PA) on cardiometabolic profile and muscle function in middle aged and older men.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 59 men aged 66.7±8.8 years, engaged in endurance training and followed for over 30 years. Biochemical and anthropometric measurements were taken. The Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was assessed. The submaximum exercise test was performed to verify physical fitness. The strength of multiple muscle groups was measured with dynamometers (Saehan, Microfet 2) and Keiser pneumatic resistance training equipment. Muscle power was examined with Keiser equipment and a friction-loaded cycle ergometer. Historical PA data were checked based on PA examinations performed in the past. Participants' PA levels in the last 10 years were categorized and 3 groups with an equal number of participants were created: low, medium and high.
RESULTS: The low PA group was characterized by inferior aerobic fitness parameters and higher waist circumference, insulin level and HOMA-IR in comparison with the medium and high PA groups, as well as a higher body mass index (BMI) compared with the medium PA group. None of the strength and power parameters differed between the PA groups. Many significant relationships between PA in different life periods and cardiometabolic profile (negative with body mass, BMI, waist circumference, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides and positive with HDL-cholesterol, Augmentation Index and aerobic fitness data) were found but not with strength and power measures.
CONCLUSION: Higher lifetime endurance PA is related to a better cardiometabolic profile in older physically active males but does not affect muscle strength and power. These findings emphasize that despite cardiometabolic benefits, endurance PA alone may not be sufficient to be prescribed for muscle strength and power preservation in aging.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 59 men aged 66.7±8.8 years, engaged in endurance training and followed for over 30 years. Biochemical and anthropometric measurements were taken. The Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was assessed. The submaximum exercise test was performed to verify physical fitness. The strength of multiple muscle groups was measured with dynamometers (Saehan, Microfet 2) and Keiser pneumatic resistance training equipment. Muscle power was examined with Keiser equipment and a friction-loaded cycle ergometer. Historical PA data were checked based on PA examinations performed in the past. Participants' PA levels in the last 10 years were categorized and 3 groups with an equal number of participants were created: low, medium and high.
RESULTS: The low PA group was characterized by inferior aerobic fitness parameters and higher waist circumference, insulin level and HOMA-IR in comparison with the medium and high PA groups, as well as a higher body mass index (BMI) compared with the medium PA group. None of the strength and power parameters differed between the PA groups. Many significant relationships between PA in different life periods and cardiometabolic profile (negative with body mass, BMI, waist circumference, insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides and positive with HDL-cholesterol, Augmentation Index and aerobic fitness data) were found but not with strength and power measures.
CONCLUSION: Higher lifetime endurance PA is related to a better cardiometabolic profile in older physically active males but does not affect muscle strength and power. These findings emphasize that despite cardiometabolic benefits, endurance PA alone may not be sufficient to be prescribed for muscle strength and power preservation in aging.